Question: A hydrologist is analyzing monthly rainfall data for 10 different watersheds. She wishes to select 4 watersheds to compare drought patterns, such that at least one of them has recorded extreme rainfall. If 3 of the 10 watersheds have extreme rainfall data, how many such selections are possible?

Mon, 04 May 2026 21:28:49 +0000

**How to Choose 4 Watersheds for Drought Pattern Analysis: Math Meets Real-World Insight** When tracking drought trends across the U.S., hydrologists rely on detailed monthly rainfall data to identify vulnerable regions. With climate volatility increasing, understanding which watersheds face prolonged dry spells—and which stand resilient—helps inform water resource planning, agricultural risk, and emergency preparedness. A common analytical challenge: selecting balanced sets of watersheds to compare drought patterns, ensuring at least one shows extreme rainfall while analyzing 10 total. This question—how many 4-watershed combinations include at least one extreme-rainfall zone—has both practical and academic relevance in today’s data-driven environmental trends. **Why This Question Matters Now** Watersheds across the country face shifting precipitation patterns. While some regions grapple with repeated droughts, others experience intense rainfall followed by dry spells—complex dynamics that influence drought development. With 3 out of 10 surveyed watersheds recording extreme rainfall, identifying smart combinations for comparative study supports proactive planning. This type of analysis matters not only for scientists but also policymakers, emergency services, and conservationists responding to an unpredictable climate.